Logic: If

if ($map.Keys -eq "snakes" ){ "Found snakes" }
# Found snakes

$id = 2
if ($id -eq 2){ "id equals 2" }
# id equals 2

Logic: Or

$id = 2
if ($id -le 5 -Or $id -eq 2){ "id less than 5 OR equal to 2" }
# id less than 5 OR equal to 2

Logic: And

$id = 2
if ($id -le 5 -and $id -eq 4){ "id less than 5 AND equal to 4" }
#

Logic: If Else

$id = 2
if ($id -le 5 -and $id -eq 4){ 
    "id less than 5 AND equal to 4" 
    } else {
    "Not less than 5 AND equal to 4"
}
# Not less than 5 AND equal to 4

Logic: Ternary

$id = 2
@{$true="true"; $false="false"}[$id -eq 2]
# true

Logic: Ternary with multiple conditions

$id = 2
@{$true="true"; $false="false"}[($id -eq 2) -and ($id -gt 3)]
# false

Logic: containsKey

if ($map.containsKey("snakes")){ "TRUE" }
# TRUE
# Or
$map.containsKey("snakes")
# True